Designing the layout

The layout – in other words the page design of your paper – should be clear and functional.

• Font and font size: Use a simple font, e.g. Times New Roman or Arial.
• Captions: All tables, equations, figures, and schemes must be numbered in the order in which they are mentioned in the text; examples: “Table 1”, “Figure 1” – It is best to use the automatic captioning function of your word processor. All figures and tables must be introduced in the text.
• Use abbreviations and acronyms sparingly but consistently. At the first mention, the full term must also be given.
• Nomenclature, symbols, units: The rules and recommendations of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), the International Union of Biochemistry (IUB), and the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) should be followed. Furthermore, the DIN EN ISO 80000 must be observed.

Formatting the document

• Italic type is used for symbols of physical quantities, but not for the corresponding units, e.g.: T for temperature, stereochemical descriptors (cis, E, R), locants (N-Methyl), symmetry and space groups (C_2v), and prefixes as in “tert-Butyl”, but not for Latin expressions such as “in situ”.
• The stereochemical descriptors D- and L- as well as the terms molar (M) and normal (N) should be written in small caps.
• Oxidation states should be written in small caps in parentheses when the element name is written out, and as superscript when using the element symbol; example: iron(II) resp. Fe^II; iron(III) resp. Fe^III.
• Formulas of coordination compounds must be written in square brackets (IUPAC rule).
• For axis labels, units are separated by a slash; e.g. T / K. The ordinate is labeled perpendicular to the axis. An arrow indicates the direction of increasing values, e.g. on coordinate axes or next to labels.

Specifying chemical formulas

You should label chemical formulas consecutively with formula numbers (Arabic numerals, bold, and not in parentheses). Alternatively, you may label them as figures:

• Common abbreviations such as Me, i Pr, s Bu, and Ph may be used, but consistency is important.
• General substituents should be denoted as R¹, R² or R, R‘.
• The spatial arrangement of substituents must also be indicated.

Extensive reaction conditions should be listed in the legend.

Creating tables

The following general rules apply to tables:

• Tables should have a descriptive heading and be divided only by three lines (header, neck, and footer lines).
• Tables with only one or two columns, or columns with only one or two entries, should be avoided.
• For footnotes in tables, lowercase Latin letters in square brackets are used.
• All tables must be numbered in the order in which they appear in the text.

The word “table” must always be written out in full.

Labeling figures

The coordinate axes (horizontal axis: abscissa; vertical axis: ordinate) must be labeled with their quantities (in italics) and units, e.g.: λ / nm→.

The ordinate should, if possible, be labeled perpendicular to the axis, and the quantities or the axes should be indicated with an arrow.

The arrow always indicates the direction in which the numerical value of a quantity increases.

• A general or calculated relationship between quantities should be shown in the diagram as a solid line (Figure 1).
• Measured values, on the other hand, should be shown as data points without connecting lines (Figure 2). Exception: spectra.
• If the trend between measured points is important, it should be represented by a physically meaningful fitting function (Figure 3 and Figure 4). However, this function must be based on a theoretical relationship.
• Each figure must have a descriptive caption that briefly conveys the content of the figure.

Literature: DIN German Institute for Standardization e. V.: Graphical representation in coordinate systems, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin 1973 (DIN 461).

Labeling equations

Equations must be numbered consecutively and referred to in the text.

The variables used must be explained in the text.

Specifying physical data

The qualitative and quantitative description of states and processes is done using quantities that describe measurable properties.

Every value of a quantity (e.g. measured value) can be expressed as the product of a numerical value and a unit.

Example:

Quantity value = numerical value • unit (quantity value = {quantity value} • [quantity value])

U = 5 V (U = {U} · [U])

G = 3 kJ mol-1 (G = {G} · [G])

Literature:
DIN German Institute for Standardization e. V.: Quantities, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin 1998 (DIN 1313).
DIN German Institute for Standardization e. V.: Quantities and units – Part 1: General, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin 2009 (DIN EN ISO 80000-1).

Frequently asked questions

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